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Types of Spinal Disorders You Need to Know

The spine functions to support the upper body and form a posture. The spine can experience abnormalities that cause changes in curvature. Recognize several types of spinal abnormalities that often occur. The spine is composed of bone segments arranged stacked with one another. A healthy spine has a slight curve. This curve serves to withstand pressure and help body movements. However, excessive curvature in one part of the spine can actually interfere with function and cause discomfort.

Various Abnormalities in the Spine

The following are various types of spinal abnormalities that you need to know:

Lordosis

Lordosis is a condition in which the spine in the lower back area is curved or bent forward. Normally, the spine in this section is curved forward. But in patients with lordosis, the curvature occurs excessively, so that the spine gets too much pressure and causes the appearance of pain. Some things that can cause the appearance of lordosis include:
  • Bad posture.
  • Pregnancy
  • Obesity.
  • Osteoporosis.
  • Discitis (inflammation of the space between the spine).
  • Spondylolisthesis.
  • Muscular dystrophy.
  • Genetic.
Most cases of lordosis are mild, meaning that they disappear on their own. However, if the spinal arch is severe and causes pain, the doctor will provide treatment according to the age and medical history of the patient, as well as the cause of lordosis. Treatment options that can be provided by doctors include drug therapy, physiotherapy, diet programs, and surgery.

Kyphosis

Kyphosis is a spinal disorder that causes the upper back to bend abnormally. Ideally, the spine has a curvature of 25 to 45 degrees. But in people with kyphosis, spinal curvature can reach 50 degrees or more. This is what makes kyphosis sufferers have a bent posture. There are many factors that can cause kyposis, including:
  • Bad posture.
  • Osteroporosis.
  • Arthritis.
  • Spina bifida.
  • Scheuermann's disease.
  • Spinal infection.
  • Tumors of the spine.
  • Congenital kyphosis (congenital).
Just like lordosis, treatment of kyphosis will be adjusted to the severity. For kyphosis caused by poor posture, your doctor may recommend physiotherapy and the use of a back support. As for kyphosis caused by spinal abnormalities, doctors can provide treatment in the form of administering painkillers and surgical procedures.

Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a spinal disorder in which the bone curves sideways abnormally. This spinal arch can be shaped like the letter S or C. People with scoliosis generally have shoulders or hips that look unbalanced. About 80% of cases of scoliosis are unknown, so it is often called idiopathic scoliosis. The rest can be caused by the following causes:
  • Spinal infection.
  • Nerve muscle disorders, such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy.
  • Birth defects.
  • Genetic diseases, such as Down syndrome and Marfan syndrome.
Treatment for scoliosis depends on age, severity, and arch pattern. Treatment that can be given to people with scoliosis includes observation through routine checks, the use of a back brace, and surgical procedures. Various spinal disorders described above need to be treated. If you feel you have spinal abnormalities or you often experience back pain that is getting heavier, check with an orthopedic doctor for further treatment.

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